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This article will address the topic of the origins of Business Process Management
(BPM) relating its origins back to Darwin's Theory of Evolution. What has unfolded
over the years is that BPM has evolved in two parallel paths namely Business
and Technology. From a business perspective it has evolved from Total Quality
Management (TQM), then Business Process Re-engineering (BPR) and finally Business
Process Management, whilst from a technology perspective it has evolved from
standalone applications (and here I have grouped imaging applications), to workflow
applications and finally to Business Process Management Suites (BPMS).
These two parallel evolutions have finally been brought together by the missing
link, model driven architecture, where we now find from a modeled business process
one is able to produce a pre-configured application that meets 80% to 90% of
the business requirements -- the other 10% to 20% requiring a leverage of existing
assets and integration into the organizations line of business systems.
We will begin with the business evolution and start with TQM which had its
beginnings before the industrial revolution when we had skilled craftsmen who
conducted both the manufacturing and inspection roles. With the onset of the
industrial revolution mass production was critical, and decomposition enabled
production efficiency. As a result of this statistical approaches to quality
control began being adopted with one of the outcomes being the separation of
the manufacturing and inspection roles.
After World War II two of the pioneers of TQM moved to Japan where they were
able to convince top managers of the importance of quality control. For the
next 20 years USA focused on marketing, production quantity and financial performance,
while Japanese managers improved quality at an unprecedented rate. Very soon
Japanese products were preferred over American products -- started the quality
revolution in the early 1980's.
The quality revolution gave birth to the term Total Quality Management with
the integration of quality principals into organization management systems.
In the early 1990's quality management principles started finding their way
into the service industry with the Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company and FedEx being
the early adopters.
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