Editor's Note: In this two-part package, veteran BPM professional Artie
Mahal breaks down a business process, piece by piece, into its key components.
Here, Mahal-author of "How
Work Gets Done: Business Process Management, Basics and Beyond" (Technics
Publications LLC, 2010)--defines and describes the role of inputs, outputs and
outcomes. In a companion piece, Mahal tackles two more critical elements: guides
and enablers.
The definition of a business process is: a series of steps that produce something
of value-products or services-for its stakeholders. It is simply "how work
gets done." The stakeholders are those individuals or entities who have a
vested interest in the process and would be the beneficiaries of the process results.
The stakeholders can be both internal and external to the organization.
A process is typically represented by a diagram with supporting textual information.
The name of a process is usually made up of a verb-noun combination and it may
also have a unique identifier for reference. For example, a high-level process
such as "Forecast Demand" may be assigned the 1.0 identifier. When further
decomposed into its sub-processes, they will be identified as 1.1, 1.2, and so
on. There are various objects that make up the structure of a process.
A process is initiated by an event. It receives inputs, which
are transformed into outputs using guides to manage and control
the process, and enablers--such as human resources, systems, data and
infrastructure--to support execution of the process.
INPUTS
Inputs are provided by stakeholders and/or upstream business processes. They
may be raw material, data or anything else that the process will transform into
output. The inputs come from either some stakeholders or upstream business processes,
or both. The input source may be internal or external to the organization.
An event or a trigger initiates the process at a certain time or within some
time frame, for a specific reason: to deliver expected outputs with resulting
outcomes through the execution of a relevant process. Here's the formula:
Trigger Event = Time + Purpose + Expected Outputs/Resulting Outcomes
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